Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. Peru has about 80 universities with a lot more private universities than public. The primary language is still Spanish but there are some courses specifically created for international students.

The PhD is a doctoral degree, specifically called a "doctor of philosophy" degree. This is misleading because PhD holders are not necessarily philosophers (unless they earned their degree in philosophy!). That said, PhD recipients are able to engage in thought experiments, reason about problems, and solve problems in sophisticated ways.