The Doctor of Musical Arts (D.M.A.) program is the most advanced course of study offered in the School of Music at James Madison University. The program has been designed to make graduates more marketable in higher education by emphasizing pedagogy and literature along with advanced performance or conducting skills.

A research thesis in this specific field should offer an overview of forms of artistic expression, in particular cinema, theatre, music, dance, and visual art.  Each student will explore how the performing arts reflect the social, political, and religious aspects of many cultures and civilizations. In this program, the candidate, through his thesis, should provide a theoretical exposition of the content and processes inherent in the creative and artistic experience of performance. It also gives students an appreciation of various artistic disciplines, forms of expression and creative visual languages.

Our graduates are experts who are capable of high-level creative and critical work and who operate in demanding art, research, development, and educational positions independently and in collaboration with others. Doctors of Music also act as social influencers for an ethically sustainable future.

The individually designed attestation system of the doctoral program provides graduates with an insight into the current state of research and methodology of the subject, especially in the selected area of specialization and closely related disciplines. During the course, graduates also explored philosophical issues connected to their doctoral subjects and topics and passed a foreign language exam. The doctoral dissertation is a scientifically valuable contribution to the investigation of the topic and its findings are usually published as a monograph or study in a scientific journal.

In Research Degrees (MPhil/PhD) in Music staff and students of the Department of Music pursue research on a wide range of subjects, mainly but not exclusively focused on the music of Asia and Africa. Staff have regional interests in the music of East and Central Asia (Harris), India and Pakistan (Williams), the Islamic Middle East (Saeid Kordmafi) and Jewish world (Webster-Kogen), and South and East Africa (Impey).

The Ph.D. study program Music theory and education is set to prepare future scientific staff who will be able to work independently on their creative and scientific work in the area of music education and music theory. The study program is to systematically deepen the knowledge in the area of interest, provides results of music education/pedagogy and music and science research, including the current trends in music education which should develop specific musical competence to begin independent scientific work in the field. The study program provides a scientific framework for the area of research in music pedagogy in compliance with music theory. Program without specialization.

The Doctoral Music Program in Music at Aveiro University aims to prepare researchers and artists for the exercise of professional music life and the development of research work.

The Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) is the highest degree offered by the University of Otago. It is awarded on the submission of a thesis which must meet rigorous standards. It requires highly developed academic ability, independence and perseverance. Most students take between 3-4 years of full-time study to complete their PhD.

The Doctor of Musical Arts is a three-year full-time Program in Music with three areas of specialisation: Performance, Composition or Studio Production. The DMA offers creative musicians the opportunity to develop their skills to the highest artistic and professional levels, while working within the innovative and stimulating environment of Otago's Music Department.

Financing for this program may be available through grants, scholarships, loans (federal and private) and institutional

The program is designed to take 2 years to complete. Of those that completed the program in 2012-2013, *% finished in 2

Financing for this program may be available through grants, scholarships, loans (federal and private) and institutional

Diversity of approach and breadth of expertise distinguish graduate study in musicology (music history) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Our small and flexible program provides a supportive environment to pursue imaginative research grounded in close interaction and cooperation among graduate students and their faculty colleagues.

Students are expected to acquire either advanced composition or advanced conducting techniques by composing works or by conducting, and studying theory. In order to achieve this, students have to do practical and theoretical research in both areas, because these areas are closely related to each other.