Artificial intelligence is a major part of how software development can change the future. Jobs in machine learning, software solutions and research all use this growing subject to make computers faster and smarter.

The PhD is a doctoral degree, specifically called a "doctor of philosophy" degree. This is misleading because PhD holders are not necessarily philosophers (unless they earned their degree in philosophy!). That said, PhD recipients are able to engage in thought experiments, reason about problems, and solve problems in sophisticated ways.